Competition law is a regulatory tool aimed at enhancing market efficiency and consumer welfare in a free economy. As a core pillar of the market system, it helps prevent anti-competitive conduct, improves production quality, and ensures fair distribution of wealth. In its absence—or when ineffective—economic efficiency declines, market fairness weakens, and small enterprises face significant disadvantages. This can lead to the collapse of producers and distributors, and the violation of consumer rights. To address such challenges, competition law establishes a framework that promotes fair competition, deters anti-competitive agreements and practices, and supports both economic entities and consumer rights. This article compares the competition law systems of Malaysia (2010) and Iran (2008), with a focus on addressing Iran’s legal gaps in this field. Given the relatively recent development of competition law in Iran, the study explores relevant aspects of Malaysia’s more established framework as a model for potential reforms.

Competition law market anti competitive behavior producers consumers